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Syphilis screening (serology)

Infectious Disease

Risk-basedBased on risk (and during pregnancy)5–10 minutes

Syphilis screening is a blood test used in risk-based testing and routine prenatal care.

Guidance for your location

Location
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Recommended Age
Risk-based
Frequency
Based on risk (and during pregnancy)
Duration
5–10 minutes

Overview

Syphilis is a treatable infection that can cause serious complications if not treated. Screening is commonly risk-based and is also part of routine prenatal labs in many settings because treatment reduces the risk of congenital infection. Screening tests may require confirmatory testing depending on the results.

Who Should Get This Screening

  • Pregnant people (commonly screened early in pregnancy; repeat testing may be recommended based on risk).
  • People with new/multiple partners or other sexual risk factors (clinician-guided).
  • Anyone with symptoms (genital sores, rash, neurologic symptoms) should be evaluated right away.

What to Expect

A blood sample is taken. If screening is positive, confirmatory testing is performed to guide treatment.

How to Prepare

Follow these tips to prepare for your screening

  • No special preparation.

Benefits

  • Detects a treatable infection early.
  • Prevents complications and reduces transmission.
  • Protects the baby during pregnancy when detected and treated.

Things to Consider

  • Minor discomfort or bruising from blood draw.
  • False positives can occur and require confirmatory testing.
  • A positive result can be stressful; support and treatment are available.

Guideline Source: Sexual health / prenatal infection screening guidance

This information is provided for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.