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Urinalysis (UA)

General Health

5-10 minutes for collectionUrine sample

A test that examines the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine.

Duration
5-10 minutes for collection
Sample Type
Urine sample (clean-catch midstream)
Results Timeline
Same day to 1 business day
First morning urine is often preferred

How to Prepare

Follow these instructions to ensure accurate test results

Usually no special preparation
Some tests may require fasting or first morning urine
Stay normally hydrated
Don't drink excessive fluids which can dilute the sample
Things to Avoid
  • •Vitamin C supplements 24 hours before (can affect results)
  • •Certain foods like beets that can discolor urine
  • •Excessive water consumption right before test

Day of Your Test

  • Follow instructions for clean-catch collection
  • Avoid contamination with toilet paper or other materials
  • Collect midstream urine

What This Measures

To screen for urinary tract infections, kidney disease, diabetes, and other conditions.

  • •Physical properties - color, clarity, odor
  • •Chemical components - pH, glucose, protein, blood, ketones
  • •Microscopic elements - cells, bacteria, crystals, casts

Why This Test Matters

Urinalysis can detect early signs of many conditions including urinary tract infections, kidney disease, diabetes, liver disease, and dehydration.

Normal Ranges

pH
Acidity level
4.5-8.0
Specific gravity
Urine concentration
1.005-1.030
Glucose
Should not be present
Negative
Protein
Should be minimal
Negative or trace

Reference intervals vary by laboratory, analyzer, methodology, population, and units. The ranges shown here are for education only. Always interpret your results against the reference interval printed on your own lab report.

After the Test

  • No restrictions or special care needed
  • Resume all normal activities

Understanding Results

If High

Glucose in urine may indicate diabetes. Protein may suggest kidney problems. Blood could indicate infection, stones, or other issues.

If Low

Very dilute urine may require repeat testing with a more concentrated sample.

Good to Know

  • First morning urine is most concentrated and informative
  • Menstruation can affect results in women
  • Some medications change urine color - inform your doctor
  • Proper collection technique is important for accurate results

Follow Up

  • •Abnormal results may require additional testing or urine culture
  • •Repeat testing may be needed to confirm findings
  • •Treatment depends on specific abnormalities found

Source: Test preparation information is based on standard clinical guidelines and laboratory best practices. This information is provided for reference purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or laboratory.