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Microbiology & Infection
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Currently under review
Pending specialist review and validation.
The anti-DNA antibody test looks for autoantibodies in your blood that target your own DNA, most often the double stranded form. These antibodies are closely linked to systemic lupus erythematosus and can appear in some other autoimmune conditions.
A blood sample is analyzed with immunoassays or immunofluorescence methods. Because different methods detect slightly different features of the antibody, results are most useful when compared over time using the same laboratory and technique.
Your clinician may order this test when lupus is suspected based on your symptoms and exam, or to monitor known lupus. A positive result supports the diagnosis when combined with antinuclear antibody testing, other specific autoantibodies, and clinical findings.
Changes in anti-dsDNA levels can parallel disease activity, especially kidney involvement, so this test can help track flares and guide treatment decisions. A negative result lowers the chance of classic lupus but does not exclude it. Some other conditions and certain medicines can produce positive results, so your result is interpreted alongside your history, exam, and other laboratory tests.
If your result is reported as detected or elevated, it suggests your immune system is reacting to native DNA and may indicate active autoimmune disease. Your clinician will consider your symptoms, exam, and other tests to decide what the finding means for you.
Rising values can accompany a flare, while stable or falling values can align with improvement, but these patterns are not perfect. Your clinician may pair this test with antinuclear antibodies, complement levels, urine studies, and kidney assessment. Using the same laboratory for follow up helps ensure that trends are meaningful.
Reference intervals vary by laboratory, analyzer, methodology, population, and units. The ranges shown here are for education only. Always interpret your results against the reference interval printed on your own lab report.
Different assays, such as enzyme immunoassay or Crithidia immunofluorescence, can yield different results. Tracking trends is most reliable when the same lab and method are used for repeat testing.
Some drugs, including tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and interferons, can trigger autoantibodies and occasional positive anti-dsDNA results. Always tell your clinician about all prescriptions and supplements.
Recent infections or significant physiologic stress may transiently influence autoantibody activity. If results are unexpected, your clinician may recommend retesting after recovery.
Immune changes during pregnancy and after delivery can affect autoimmune activity. If you have lupus, your care team may monitor anti-dsDNA and kidney health more closely during this time.
Improper handling, marked hemolysis, or delayed processing can affect some assays. Proper collection and timely transport help ensure accurate and reproducible results.
Low level positivity can occasionally be seen in other autoimmune conditions, such as autoimmune hepatitis or Sjogren syndrome. Clinical context is essential for interpretation.
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