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Partial pressure of oxygen, mixed sample (pO2)

Blood Gases

Oxygen tensionPartial pressure of oxygenpO2

Review status

Currently under review

Pending specialist review and validation.

What it shows

This test measures the partial pressure of oxygen in a blood gas sample, which reflects how much oxygen is dissolved in your blood and available to move into tissues. It directly assesses gas exchange in the lungs and complements other measures such as oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide.

When the sample type is reported as mixed, it means the blood is not strictly arterial or standard venous. It may represent blood returning from the body via a catheter, or a specimen that blends sources. The reported source helps your care team interpret the result in the right clinical context.

Why it matters

pO2 helps your team understand how well your lungs are moving oxygen into your bloodstream. It is commonly ordered when you have breathing difficulties, suspected lung or heart problems, during anesthesia, or in intensive care to guide oxygen therapy and ventilator settings. It can also be used to monitor response to treatments.

Results can inform urgent decisions, such as adjusting supplemental oxygen, evaluating the need for further respiratory support, or investigating conditions like pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, or heart failure. In newborns, children, and people with chronic lung disease, it is an important part of ongoing assessment.

Understanding your results

Your pO2 is interpreted together with the sample source, your level of supplemental oxygen, altitude, and other blood gas values. A result that is higher or lower than expected does not always mean a serious problem on its own, because collection conditions, recent breathing pattern, and underlying health can affect the value.

If a result does not match how you feel or the clinical picture, your clinician may repeat the test, check related measurements, review how the sample was taken, or adjust oxygen and medications. Ask your care team how the result fits with your symptoms and treatment plan.

Reference ranges

4590 mmHg
All sexes
0 days – 2 years
80100 mmHg
All sexes
2 years – 150 years

Reference intervals vary by laboratory, analyzer, methodology, population, and units. The ranges shown here are for education only. Always interpret your results against the reference interval printed on your own lab report.

Factors that could impact Partial pressure of oxygen, mixed sample (pO2)

  • Sample source and collection

    Whether the blood is arterial, venous, or mixed affects pO2. Air bubbles, prolonged time to analysis, or improper sealing of the syringe can falsely alter oxygen readings.

  • Supplemental oxygen and ventilator settings

    The amount of oxygen you are receiving and the way you are breathing on your own or with a ventilator will directly influence the pO2 measured at the time of sampling.

  • Breathing pattern and body position

    Hyperventilation, shallow breathing, or lying flat can change ventilation and blood flow in the lungs, which may shift pO2 up or down during testing.

  • Altitude and environment

    Lower ambient oxygen at higher elevations can reduce pO2, while enriched oxygen environments can increase it. Clinicians interpret results with location and conditions in mind.

  • Lung and heart conditions

    Diseases that affect airways, lung tissue, or blood flow, such as asthma, COPD, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, or heart failure, can change pO2 independently of oxygen delivery.

  • Medications and sedation

    Sedatives, opioids, and some anesthetics can slow breathing and lower pO2, while bronchodilators and certain therapies may improve ventilation and increase pO2.

2026

References

  1. McGill University Health Centre. (2020, March 18). pO2 Mixed (Task CD 710943). Laboratory reference ranges.
  2. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. (2010). Blood gas and pH analysis and related measurements; approved guideline (CLSI document C46-A2). Wayne, PA: CLSI.
  3. O'Driscoll, B. R., Howard, L. S., Earis, J., & Mak, V. (2017). BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. Thorax, 72(Suppl 1), ii1-ii90.